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Gramer Dersleri - Past Perfect Continuous






Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Past perfect continuous tense, geçmiş zamanda devam etmiş bir işi ifade eden zamandır. Past perfect continuous tense bir işin geçmişte bir zamanda yapılmış olduğunu ve belli bir süre devam etmiş olduğunu anlatır.

They had been talking for over an hour before Tony arrived.
Tony gelmeden önce bir saati aşkın konuşmaktaydılar.

She had been working at that company for three years when it went out of business.
Şirket kapandığında üç yıldır o firmada çalışmaktaydı.

How long had you been waiting to get on the bus?
Otobüse binmek için ne kadar süredir beklemekteydiniz?

Functions of the past perfect continuous

The past perfect continuous corresponds to the present perfect continuous, but with reference to a time earlier than 'before now'. As with the present perfect continuous, we are more interested in the process.

Examples
  • Had you been waiting long before the taxi arrived?
  • We had been trying to open the door for five minutes when Jane found her key.
  • It had been raining hard for several hours and the streets were very wet.
  • Her friends had been thinking of calling the police when she walked in.

This form is also used in reported speech. It is the equivalent of the past continuous and the present perfect continuous in direct speech:

  • Jane said, "I have been gardening all afternoon." = Jane said she had been gardening all afternoon.

  • When the police questioned him, John said, "I was working late in the office that night." = When the police questioned him, John told them he had been working late in the office that night.

Forming the past perfect continuous

The past perfect continuous is composed of two elements - the past perfect of the verb to be (=had been) + the present participle (base+ing).

Subject had been verb + ing
I had been walking
Affirmative
She had been trying
Negative
She hadn't been  sleeping
Interrogative
Had you been eating?
Interrogative negative
Hadn't they  been living?
 

To buy, past perfect continuous
Affirmative Negative Interrogative
I had been buying I hadn't been buying Had I been buying
You had been buying You hadn't been buying Had you been buying
She had been buying She hadn't been buying Had she been buying
We had been buying We hadn't been buying Had we been buying
They had been buying They hadn't been buying Had they been buying

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